TLDR

David Schwartz disproves claims of XRP centralization, emphasizing the limited power of validators.
Validators on XRPL don’t control individual transactions; they solve double-spending issues.
XRPL’s design restricts validator influence, ensuring broad node support for new features.
The XRP Ledger relies on coordination, not centralization, in validator roles and network decisions.

A recent viral claim regarding the centralization of the XRP network has sparked renewed debates within the cryptocurrency community. The claim, which accused XRP of being centralized due to its 134 permissioned validators, quickly gained attention among some Ethereum supporters.

This argument suggested that the XRP Ledger (XRPL) is susceptible to control by a small group of validators. However, David Schwartz, the former Chief Technology Officer (CTO) of Ripple and co-architect of XRPL, has dismissed these accusations, asserting that they are based on a misunderstanding of how the network operates.

The Viral Rumor and Its Spread

The accusation that XRP is centralized gained momentum after a screenshot from XRPL.org was shared online. The image highlighted the number of permissioned validators on the network, with some critics interpreting this as proof of centralized control.

XRP opponents, particularly those within the Ethereum community, jumped on this, suggesting that the presence of these validators posed a risk to the decentralized nature of the network.

The claim was rooted in the notion that a limited number of validators have the power to control or manipulate the XRP Ledger. However, as soon as the rumors began to spread, the XRP community voiced their objections, arguing that the number of validators does not equate to centralization. They emphasized that the distinction between XRP and Ripple, the company behind the project, is critical to understanding the network’s structure.

Schwartz’s Response: Clarifying XRP’s Validator Role

David Schwartz responded publicly to the rumors by reiterating points he made earlier in September 2023. He explained that the role of validators on the XRP Ledger is misunderstood. According to Schwartz, the validators do not have the ability to approve or reject individual transactions like miners or stakers in other blockchain systems.

Instead, their primary function is to resolve conflicts in the ledger, specifically when two conflicting but valid transactions occur. This mechanism is essential for preventing issues like double-spending, but it does not equate to control over the network.

Schwartz further elaborated that validators in the XRPL system cannot enforce changes or implement upgrades to the network without broad support from nodes across the entire system. The decision to adopt new features or changes to the XRP Ledger requires consensus from a wider group of participants in the network, ensuring a decentralized approach to governance.

The XRPL’s Design and Its Impact on Centralization

A key part of the debate centers around the design of the XRP Ledger itself. While the number of permissioned validators might appear to suggest centralization, the reality is that the design limits the influence of these validators.

Validators on the XRP Ledger are simply part of a larger ecosystem of nodes, each of which can independently verify the state of the ledger and check transactions against the network’s rules.

In practice, this means that the validators do not have overriding control over the network’s rules or decisions. They are tasked with ensuring that the ledger remains accurate and free from double-spending, not with governing or manipulating transactions.

Schwartz’s response highlights the importance of understanding the difference between governance and coordination within the XRPL. The system relies on the cooperation of various nodes rather than centralized control by a small group of validators.

The Verdict on Centralization Claims

In conclusion, David Schwartz’s public refutation of the claims about XRP’s centralization helps clarify the misunderstanding surrounding the network’s structure. He pointed out that just because validators are permissioned, it doesn’t mean they control the network. Rather, the XRP Ledger’s design promotes decentralized coordination among validators and nodes. 

The discussion around XRP’s decentralization should focus on the overall consensus model, rather than being misled by misconceptions about the number of validators. With his response, Schwartz has effectively shut down the viral rumors and reaffirmed the decentralized nature of the XRP network.

The post Ripple’s Former CTO Addresses Claims of XRP Centralization and Shuts Them Down appeared first on CoinCentral.

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Filed under: News - @ January 23, 2026 12:26 pm